Diversity, community structure, and abundance of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria on suspended particulate matter in coastal high-altitude aquaculture pond water.

Denitrifying bacteria harboring the nitrate reductase S (nirS) gene convert active nitrogen into molecular nitrogen, and alleviate eutrophication in aquaculture water. Suspended particulate matter (SPM) is an important component of aquaculture water and a carrier for denitrification. SPM with different particle sizes were collected from a coastal high-altitude aquaculture pond in Maoming City, China. Diversity, community structure, abundance of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria on SPM and environmental influencing factors were studied using high-throughput sequencing, fluorescence quantitative PCR, and statistical analysis. Pseudomonas, Halomonas, and Wenzhouxiangella were the dominant genera of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria on SPM from the ponds. Network analysis revealed Pseudomonas and Halomonas as the key genera involved in the interaction of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria on SPM in the ponds. qPCR indicated a trend toward greater nirS gene abundance in progressively larger SPM. Dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and SPM particle size were the main environmental factors influencing changes in the nirS-type denitrifying bacterial community on SPM in coastal high-altitude aquaculture pond water. These findings increase our understanding of the microbiology of nitrogen cycle processes in aquaculture ecosystem, and will help optimize aquatic tailwater treatment strategies.

Roadway rock burst prediction based on catastrophe theory.

In order to quantitatively calculate the critical depth and critical load of mines affected by rock burst, and to achieve effective prevention and control of rock burst in coal mines, this paper proposes a mechanical model for predicting the occurrence of rock burst in coal mine roadways based on catastrophe theory. Additionally, a theoretical calculation formula for initiating rock burst is derived. The first step was to establish a mechanical analysis model, which directly correlated with the in-situ stress, physical and mechanical characteristics of the coal-rock mass, and engineering structural parameters. Following this, a mechanical instability criterion was derived for the key load-bearing circle within the surrounding rock of the roadway. In the final step, the critical depth and load for rock burst initiation were verified for 25 distinct coal mines in China that were prone to rock burst hazards. The research results demonstrate that the discrepancy between the theoretically calculated critical depth and the actual measured statistical values was less than 35%. In addition, the difference between the theoretically determined critical depth and the value calculated by Pan Yishan was less than 32%. Notably, the ratio of the theoretically calculated critical load to the uniaxial compressive strength of the coal-rock mass ranged from 0.38 to 1.93. This aligns with empirical data on rock burst occurrences, as set out in the engineering classification standards for rock masses. These research outcomes substantiated the practical utility of the proposed theory, thereby laying a robust theoretical groundwork for the quantitative control of rock burst.

A meta-analysis of cognitive and functional outcomes in severe brain trauma cases.

Background: Severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are an important health issue worldwide, which are associated with harmful side effects. This meta-analysis investigates the cognitive and functional outcomes in severe brain trauma cases. It assesses the impact on memory, verbal and visual abilities, attention, learning, and the presence of depression. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the consequences of severe brain trauma injury on cognitive and functional domains. Objective: The main objective of the current comprehensive meta-analysis study is to assess and analyze the impact of severe TBI on functional and cognitive outcomes, including verbal, visual, attention, learning, memory, and emotional stability. Methods: We collected data from three online databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Case-control trials related to severe TBI association with cognitive and functional outcomes were included. Verbal strength, visual functions, learning abilities, attention, memory, and depression were considered primary outcomes. Results: We have included 13 case-control studies with 1,442 subjects in this meta-analysis, which provide adequate data to determine the pooled effect size for targeted outcomes. The effect of severe TBI on the inducement of depression and impairment of memory, verbal, visual, attention, and learning abilities compared to the control group showed statistically significant outcomes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severe TBI is strongly associated with impaired cognitive and functional abilities, including visual and verbal disabilities, impaired memory, depression inducement, attention deficits, and learning disabilities.

A paper-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor for NH3 detection in gaseous phase: Real-time monitoring of chilled chicken freshness.

A ratiometric fluorescence sensor platform with easy-to-use and accurate is nanoengineered for NH3 quantitative detection and visual real-time monitoring of chicken freshness using smartphones. The ratiometric fluorescent probe formed by combining the zinc ion complex and carbon dots has a double-emitted fluorescence peak. The fluorescence intensity of the complex changed can be clearly observed with the increase of the concentration of ammonia solution under 365 nm wavelength excitation. In order to detect NH3 concentration in gaseous phase, a portable paper-based sensor was designed. The sensor had a good linear relationship with NH3 concentration ranging from 10.0 to 90.0 µmol/L and the LOD value was 288 nM. This fluorescent paper-based sensor was used to check the freshness of chicken breast refrigerated at 4 °C, revealed observable shifts from blue to green. The fluorescent paper-based sensor can detect NH3 concentration in real time and simplify the monitoring process of meat freshness while ensuring accuracy and stability.

Adult patients with tetanus in Anhui Province of China from 2013 to 2022: A retrospective study.

Tetanus is a highly fatal infectious disease with an incubation period of 7 to 8 days. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for death in tetanus patients, develop a nomogram model for predicting mortality risk. This retrospective study included tetanus patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit department between January 2013 and December 2022. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on their final outcome, namely death group and survival group. Risk factors associated with mortality were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, a nomogram model was developed using the rms package. A total of 91 patients were enrolled in this study, including 54 males and 37 females. The average age of the tetanus patients was 52.88 ±â€…16.56 years, with a mean incubation period of 8.51 ±â€…3.97 days. The foot was the most common injury site (42.86%), and metal product stabbing was the leading cause of injury (48.78%). Ventilator-associated pneumonia was the most frequent complication (21.98%). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that Ablett classification (odds ratio [OR], 21.999; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.124-117.352), white blood cell count (OR, 6.033; 95%CI, 1.275-28.552), and autonomic nervous dysfunction (OR, 22.663; 95%CI, 4.363-117.728) as independent risk factors for tetanus patients. The C-index of the nomogram model was 0.942, with an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve at 0.942 (95%CI, 0.871-0.905). Ablett classification, white blood cell count, autonomic nervous dysfunctions were associated with the prognosis of patients with tetanus. The nomogram model developed based on risk factors has high accuracy.

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 depletion suppresses de novo fatty acid synthesis and mitochondrial ß-oxidation in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.

Cancer cells, including those of prostate cancer (PCa), often hijack intrinsic cell signaling to reprogram their metabolism. Part of this reprogramming includes the activation of de novo synthesis of fatty acids that not only serve as building blocks for membrane synthesis but also as energy sources for cell proliferation. However, how de novo fatty acid synthesis contributes to PCa progression is still poorly understood. Herein, by mining public datasets, we discovered that the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), which encodes acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), was highly expressed in human PCa. In addition, patients with high ACACA expression had a short disease-free survival time. We also reported that depletion of ACACA reduced de novo fatty acid synthesis and PI3K/AKT signaling in the human castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) cell lines DU145 and PC3. Furthermore, depletion of ACACA downregulates mitochondrial beta-oxidation, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, a reduction in ATP production, an imbalanced NADP+/NADPhydrogen(H) ratio, increased reactive oxygen species, and therefore apoptosis. Reduced exogenous fatty acids by depleting lipid or lowering serum supplementation exacerbated both shRNA depletion and pharmacological inhibition of ACACA-induced apoptosis in vitro. Collectively, our results suggest that inhibition of ectopic ACACA, together with suppression of exogenous fatty acid uptake, can be a novel strategy for treating currently incurable CRPC.

A new 3D-printed ankle fusion prosthesis for the treatment of osteosarcoma in the distal tibia: a case report / 中华骨科杂志

To report the short-term clinical outcome of three cases of distal tibial osteosarcoma treated with a novel 3D-printed ankle fusion prosthesis for limb preservation. The patients were admitted to the Department of Bone Tumor, Shanghai General Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021, with one male and two female cases, aged 18, 12, and 14 years, respectively, all diagnosed with distal tibial osteosarcoma (Ennecking stage IIb). A new self-designed ankle fusion prosthesis was used to perform osteosarcoma resection and prosthetic reconstruction of the distal tibia. The operation time, blood loss, postoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS) and ankle range of motion were recorded. All the 3 patients successfully completed the operation and were followed up for 22 months, 18 months and 12 months, respectively. The operation time was 140 min, 110 min and 200 min, and the blood loss was 200 ml, 200 ml and 350 ml, respectively. At the last follow-up, the AOFAS were 86, 90 and 95 points, and the range of motion of ankle flexion and extension were 30°, 15° and 30°. There was no local recurrence or lung metastasis at the last follow-up. The novel 3D-printed ankle fusion prosthesis in the distal tibia is safe and effective for the reconstruction of bone defects after resection of osteosarcoma in the distal tibia, and the early postoperative function is satisfactory.

Construction and application of a bone tumor database / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the construction and application methods of multicenter bone tumor-specific database.Methods:Experts from multiple centers including Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital established a standard dataset for bone tumors through research and discussion. Clinical data will be automatically collected and standardized according to standard fields. A database will be built and a users' interface will be developed to ensure secure data storage, while providing services such as exporting raw data, visualizing statistical analysis, establishing clinical queue research projects, et al. Finally, the bone tumor database will be shared by integrating with the Shenkang's Big Data Platform to achieve multi-center data integration.Results:A standard data set for bone tumors containing 603 fields has been established and published. An automated data collection system for bone tumors has been established, including complete data collection, data collation and visualization functions. The data categories include modules such as patients' electronic case information, laboratory information on blood routine, biochemistry and tumor markers, imaging information, surgery information, pathology information and radiotherapy records. Personal information such as patients' names and ID numbers are desensitized and encrypted and can be exported for further research. From 2015 to 2023, the total number of bone tumor cases collected in the database was 10,789. From 2015 to 2019, 112 cases of the osteosarcoma cohort were retrospectively analyzed for admission, with a statistical 5-year survival rate of 68%.Conclusion:A regional bone tumor specialty big data network and data sharing platform has been established, along with data sharing mechanisms and standards including data standards, security standards, and quality evaluation standards. This provides data and efficient new solutions for the construction of China's bone tumor database, as well as a research and development platform for standardized diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors and new technologies.

Research progress of suppressor APC domain containing 2 in tumor / 中国医师杂志

Suppressor APC domain containing 2 (SAPCD2) gene may affect tumor proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis, and participate in tumor-related signal pathway transduction, suggesting that SAPCD2 may be a biomarker of tumor and a potential target for treatment. Therefore, SAPCD2 has been widely concerned by researchers. This article reviews the role and related mechanisms of SAPCD2 in tumors.

Influencing factors of severe pneumonia in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of severe pneumonia in children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was used to collect 210 children with RSV infected pneumonia admitted to Hebei Children′s Hospital from October 2017 to October 2020. Among them, 70 children with severe pneumonia were included in the severe pneumonia group, and 140 children with common pneumonia were included in the common pneumonia group; the baseline data and relevant laboratory indicators of the two groups were compared; Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of severe pneumonia in children infected with RSV.Results:The proportions of wheezing, congenital heart disease, respiratory failure, heart failure and pleural effusion of children in severe pneumonia group were higher than those in common pneumonia group, and the forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) were lower than those in common pneumonia group (all P<0.05); the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), CD8 + cells, RSV load and Beclin-1 in severe pneumonia group were higher than those in common pneumonia group, and the levels of CD4 + cells and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1, 25-(OH) 2D] were lower than those in common pneumonia group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CRP, CD8 + cells and Beclin-1 in children with severe pneumonia were lower than those before treatment, and the levels of CD4 + cells and 1, 25-(OH) 2D were higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05). Multiple regression model analysis was established. The results showed that congenital heart disease, high CRP level, high CD8 + cells, high RSV load and high Beclin-1 level were risk factors for severe pneumonia in children with RSV infected pneumonia (all OR>1, P<0.05), and high CD4 + cells and 1, 25-(OH) 2D level were protective factors (all OR<1, P<0.05). Conclusions:Severe pneumonia in children with RSV infected pneumonia may be affected by congenital heart disease, CRP, CD4 + cells, CD8 + cells, 1, 25-(OH) 2D, RSV load and Beclin-1.

Clinical effect of surgical treatment for lung metastasis and prognostic risk factor analysis: A single-center cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To compare the clinical effects of lobectomy and sublobar resection in the treatment of lung metastasis and to analyze the factors affecting patient prognosis. Methods    A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 165 patients with pulmonary metastasis who underwent thoracic surgery at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between March 2010 and May 2021, including 67 males and 98 females, with a median age of 52 (44, 62) years. According to the operation methods, patients were divided into a lobectomy group and a sublobar resection group. The clinical data of the patients were compared between the two groups. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results    The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 60.0% and 34.3%, respectively, and the median survival time was 24 months. The 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 39.4% and 23.7%, respectively. Compared with the lobectomy group, the sublobar resection group had shorter operation time for pulmonary metastases (P<0.001), less intraoperative blood loss (P<0.001), less drainage volume on the first day after surgery (P<0.001), less incidence of prolonged air leak (P=0.004), shorter drainage tube indwelling time (P=0.002), and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P=0.023). The disease-free survival time after sublobar resection and lobectomy was 26 months and 24 months, respectively, with no statistical difference (P=0.970). The total survival time of the two groups was 73 months and 69 months, respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.697). Multivariate analysis showed that sex [HR=0.616, 95%CI (0.390, 0.974), P=0.038], disease-free interval [HR=1.753, 95%CI (1.082, 2.842), P=0.023], and postoperative adjuvant therapy [HR=2.638, 95%CI (1.352, 5.147), P=0.004] were independent influencing factors for disease-free survival of patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy. Disease-free interval [HR=2.033, 95%CI (1.062, 3.894), P=0.032] and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level [HR=2.708, 95%CI (1.420, 5.163), P=0.002] were independent factors influencing the overall survival of patients in this group. Conclusion    Sublobar resection provides a safe and effective treatment option for patients with pulmonary metastasis on the premise of ensuring R0 resection of lung metastasis. Sex, disease-free interval, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level, and adjuvant therapy after pulmonary metastasectomy are the independent influencing factors for the prognosis.

Effect of Morus alba extract sanggenon C on growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells / 中国中药杂志

Glioblastoma is the most common primary cranial malignancy, and chemotherapy remains an important tool for its treatment. Sanggenon C(San C), a class of natural flavonoids extracted from Morus plants, is a potential antitumor herbal monomer. In this study, the effect of San C on the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay and 5-bromodeoxyuridinc(BrdU) labeling assay. The effect of San C on the tumor cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry, and the effect of San C on clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells was examined by soft agar assay. Western blot and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the mechanism of the antitumor activity of San C. In the presence of San C, the MTT assay showed that San C significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of tumor cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. BrdU labeling assay showed that San C significantly attenuated the DNA replication activity in the nucleus of tumor cells. Flow cytometry confirmed that San C blocked the cell cycle of tumor cells in G_0/G_1 phase. The soft agar clone formation assay revealed that San C significantly attenuated the clone formation and self-renewal ability of tumor cells. The gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) implied that San C inhibited the tumor cell division cycle by affecting the myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC) signaling pathway. Western blot assay revealed that San C inhibited the expression of cyclin through the regulation of the MYC signaling pathway by lysine demethylase 4B(KDM4B), which ultimately inhibited the growth and proliferation of glioblastoma cells and self-renewal. In conclusion, San C exhibits the potential antitumor activity by targeting the KDM4B-MYC axis to inhibit glioblastoma cell growth, proliferation, and self-renewal.

Analysis on the Key Points of Clinical Research Management Based on the Scientific Research Big Data Platform of a Tertiary Hospital / 中国医学伦理学

With the rapid development of healthcare big data and artificial intelligence technology, how to utilize the massive medical data generated based on clinical diagnosis and treatment has become an important issue to be solved in the field of clinical research. Clinical diagnosis and treatment data is an essential part of healthcare big data, and also the main field of healthcare big data research. With the continuous deepening and extensive development of informatization, hospitals have accumulated a large number of patient-centered clinical diagnosis and treatment data. Deeply mining and analyzing these data through big data technology can provide reference for precise diagnosis and treatment, and standardized prevention and control of diseases. However, conducting relevant research still faces many difficulties and blockages, such as the increased risk of data leakage or abuse, and the difficulty in implementing informed consent. To safely, legally and efficiently utilize clinical diagnosis and treatment data to conduct clinical research and fully tap into the value of these precious medical resources, a tertiary hospital in Beijing has built a research big data platform and developed relevant systems to effectively solve the problems of blockages and difficulties in the application of rich clinical resources to clinical research, and improve the service quality of medical institutions and the conversion rate of scientific research achievements. By introducing the key points and management methods in the implementation of clinical research based on the scientific research big data platform, analyzing and exploring the existing problems and improvement measures, this paper aimed to provide theoretical basis and system reference for high-quality and efficient health and medical big data clinical research, inspire and promote the continuous improvement of medical research management, and promote the development of medical and health science and technology innovation.

Analysis on key points of ethics review of horizontal scientific research projects: Based on the ethics review management system of horizontal scientific research projects in a tertiary hospital / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:This paper aims to promote the standardization of ethics review of horizontal scientific research projects and improve the ethics review quality by analyzing the current ethics review practice in a certain tertiary hospital, identifying common problems during the review process, illustrating relevant causes and proposing corresponding solutions.Methods:Through introducing the current situation of ethics review of horizontal scientific research projects in a tertiary level hospital, the differences between the main points of ethics review of horizontal scientific research projects and government-funded scientific research projects were analyzed, so as to sort out the common problems and possible causes in the process of ethics review of horizontal scientific research projects, and then explore the possible corresponding solutions.Results:Based on the characteristics of horizontal research projects, ethics review should focus on their scientific and social values, potential conflicts of interest, protection of subjects′ rights and interests, and whole-process management and quality assurance. At present, there are still many problems, such as a large number of projects, but not many projects with high research value, inadequate project process management, and ineffective implementation of ethics review opinions.Conclusions:The hospital should further improve the management system of horizontal scientific research project approval, bring in more comprehensive review regarding to both scientific and ethics review, engage more experts at the outset of project funding decision-making, set up ethics specialists, strengthen the process management of horizontal scientific research projects, strengthen ethical publicity and education, and improve the ethical awareness of researchers to fully protect the rights and interests of subjects and promote the high-quality development of clinical research.

DNA barcoding in herbal medicine:Retrospective and prospective / 药物分析学报

DNA barcoding has been widely used for herb identification in recent decades,enabling safety and innovation in the field of herbal medicine.In this article,we summarize recent progress in DNA bar-coding for herbal medicine to provide ideas for the further development and application of this tech-nology.Most importantly,the standard DNA barcode has been extended in two ways.First,while conventional DNA barcodes have been widely promoted for their versatility in the identification of fresh or well-preserved samples,super-barcodes based on plastid genomes have rapidly developed and have shown advantages in species identification at low taxonomic levels.Second,mini-barcodes are attractive because they perform better in cases of degraded DNA from herbal materials.In addition,some mo-lecular techniques,such as high-throughput sequencing and isothermal amplification,are combined with DNA barcodes for species identification,which has expanded the applications of herb identification based on DNA barcoding and brought about the post-DNA-barcoding era.Furthermore,standard and high-species coverage DNA barcode reference libraries have been constructed to provide reference se-quences for species identification,which increases the accuracy and credibility of species discrimination based on DNA barcodes.In summary,DNA barcoding should play a key role in the quality control of traditional herbal medicine and in the international herb trade.

An improved 4-vessel intermittent occlusion method for establishing rat models of global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To improve the classical 4-vessel occlusion (4VO) model established by Pulsinelli and Brierley.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two male SD rats were randomized into sham operation group, I4VO-Con10 group, I4VO-Int10 group and I4VO-Int15 group. The sham surgery group underwent exposure of the bilateral vertebral arteries and carotid arteries without occlusion to block blood flow. The I4VO-Con10 group experienced continuous ischemia by occluding the bilateral vertebral arteries and carotid arteries for 10 minutes followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. The I4VO-Int10 and I4VO-Int15 groups were subjected to intermittent ischemia. The I4VO- Int10 group underwent 5 minutes of ischemia, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion and another 5 minutes of ischemia, and then reperfusion for 24 hours. The I4VO-Int15 group experienced 5 minutes of ischemia followed by two cycles of 5 minutes of reperfusion and 5 minutes of ischemia, and then reperfusion for 24 hours. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was monitored with laser Doppler scanning, and survival of the rats was observed. HE staining was used to observe hippocampal pathologies to determine the optimal method for modeling. Another 48 rats were randomized into 6 groups, including a sham operation group and 5 model groups established using the optimal method. The 5 I4VO model groups were further divided based on the reperfusion time points (1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days) into I4VO-D1, I4VO-D3, I4VO-D7, I4VO- D14, and I4VO- D28 groups. Body weight changes and survival of the rats were recorded. HE staining was used to observe morphological changes in the hippocampal, retinal and optic tract tissues. The Y-maze test and light/dark box test were used to evaluate cognitive and visual functions of the rats in I4VO-D28 group.@*RESULTS@#Occlusion for 5 min for 3 times at the interval of 5 min was the optimal method for 4VO modeling. In the latter 48 rats, the body weight was significantly lower than that of the sham-operated rats at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after modeling without significant difference in survival rate among the groups. The rats with intermittent vessel occlusion exhibited progressive deterioration of hippocampal neuronal injury and neuronal loss. Cognitive impairment was observed in the rats in I4VO-D28 group, but no obvious ischemic injury of the retina or the optic tract was detected.@*CONCLUSION@#The improved 4VO model can successfully mimic the main pathological processes of global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury without causing visual impairment in rats.

Clinical analysis of patients with oral and maxillofacial infections in oral emergency / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the composition, incidence and clinical characteristics of oral and maxillofacial infections in oral emergency.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study on patients with oral and maxillofacial infections who visited the Department of Oral Emergency in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January 2017 to December 2019 was conducted. General characteristics, such as disease composition, gender, age distribution and position of involved teeth were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 8 277 patients with oral and maxillofacial infections were finally collected, including 4 378 male patients (52.9%) and 3 899 female patients (47.1%), with gender ratio of 1.12:1. The common diseases were periodontal abscess (3 826 cases, 46.2%), alveolar abscess (3 537 cases, 42.7%), maxillofacial space infection (740 cases, 9.0%), sialadenitis (108 cases, 1.3%), furuncle & carbuncle (56 cases, 0.7%) and osteomyelitis (10 cases, 0.1%). Male patients were more easily affected by periodontal abscess, space infection and furuncle & carbuncle than female patients with the gender ratios 1.24:1, 1.26:1, 2.50:1 individually, while the incidence of alveolar abscess, sialadenitis, furuncle & carbuncle had no significant gender difference. Different diseases were prone to occur at different ages. The peak ages of alveolar abscess were 5-9 and 27-67 years, while the peak age of periodontal abscess was 30-64 years. Space infection tended to occur between 21-67 years. There were 7 363 patients with oral abscess (3 826 patients with periodontal abscess and 3 537 patients with alveolar abscess), accounting for 88.9% of all the patients with oral and maxillofacial infections, involving 7 999 teeth, including 717 deciduous teeth and 7 282 permanent teeth. Periodontal abscess usually occurred in permanent teeth, especially the molar teeth. Alveolar abscess may occur in both primary teeth and permanent teeth. In primary teeth, the most vulnerable sites were primary molar teeth and maxillary central incisors while in permanent teeth the most vulnerable sites were first molar teeth.@*CONCLUSION@#Understanding the incidence of oral and maxillofacial infection was conducive to the correct diagnosis and effective treatment of clinical diseases, as well as targeted education for patients of different ages and genders to prevent the occurrence of diseases.

Analysis of disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: Through comparative analysis of the disease burden of occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020, the main influencing factors are screened, and scientific basis is provided for rational allocation of limited health resources, precise management and policy implementation. Methods: In August 2021, survey and collect information on surviving occupational pneumoconiosis patients and dead occupational pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2020, and analyze and calculate indicators such as morbidity, mortality, and disability adjusted of life years (DALY). Analyzing the influencing factors of disease burden usirrg multiple linear regression. Results: From 2010 to 2020, the average annual incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province was 0.9992/100000, the average annual mortality was 0.897/100000, the cumulative case fatality rate was 25.75%, and the cumulative DALY was 28932.96 person-years. The first stage of occupational pneumoconiosis was the highest among DALY loss (19920.14 person-years), and the DALY loss was positively correlated with the stage of occupational pneumoconiosis. Among occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province, silicosis (13753.66 person-years) and coal worker's pneumoconiosis (13414.73 person-years) caused the highest disease burden, followed by cement pneumoconiosis and asbestos lung. Period, length of service, type of disease, and region are all influencing factors of DALY loss (P<0.05). Conclusion: From 2010 to 2020, the DALY losses caused by occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province showed a fluctuating decrease, with the composition of DALY mainly changing from the loss of life years due to premature death to the loss of years due to injury and disability.

Effects of Platycodonis Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma on oral nanoparticle uptake and in vitro inhibition against breast cancer metastasis / 中国中药杂志

This study combined the herbal pair Platycodonis Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma(PR-CR) possessing an inhibitory effect on tumor cell proliferation and metastasis with the active component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) silibinin-loaded nanoparticles(NPs) with a regulatory effect on tumor microenvironment based on the joint effect on tumor cells and tumor microenvironment to inhi-bit cell metastasis. The effects of PR-CR on the cellular uptake of NPs and in vitro inhibition against breast cancer proliferation and metastasis were investigated to provide an experimental basis for improving nanoparticle absorption and enhancing therapeutic effects. Silibinin-loaded lipid-polymer nanoparticles(LPNs) were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The NPs were spherical or quasi-spherical in shape with obvious core-shell structure. The mean particle size was 107.4 nm, Zeta potential was-27.53 mV. The cellular uptake assay was performed by in vitro Caco-2/E12 coculture cell model and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM), and the results indicated that PR-CR could promote the uptake of NPs. Further, in situ intestinal absorption assay by the CLSM vertical scanning approach showed that PR-CR could promote the absorption of NPs in the enterocytes of mice. The inhibitory effect of NPs on the proliferation and migration of 4T1 cells was analyzed using 4T1 breast cancer cells and co-cultured 4T1/WML2 cells, respectively. The results of the CCK8 assay showed that PR-CR-containing NPs could enhance the inhibition against the proliferation of 4T1 breast cancer cells. The wound healing assay indicated that PR-CR-containing NPs enhanced the inhibition against the migration of 4T1 breast cancer cells. This study enriches the research on oral absorption of TCM NPs and also provides a new idea for utilizing the advantages of TCM to inhibit breast cancer metastasis.